Japanese business culture is built on respect, clarity, and professionalism. For foreigners working in Japan, mastering business Japanese goes beyond grammar: it requires understanding keigo (honorific speech), communication etiquette, and cultural expectations. This guide covers the essential aspects of business Japanese, from basic structures to advanced workplace expressions.
Basics of Business Japanese
Business Japanese is different from casual Japanese in both tone and formality. While casual speech uses plain forms, business interactions rely heavily on keigo, the system of honorifics that includes sonkeigo (respectful language), kenjougo (humble language), and teineigo (polite language). Using the correct style signals professionalism and respect.
For example, instead of saying arigatou (“thanks”), business Japanese would use arigatou gozaimasu, or even makoto ni arigatou gozaimasu, depending on the formality. Mastery of these nuances shows both linguistic and cultural fluency.
Sonkeigo – Respectful Language
Sonkeigo is used to show respect when talking about the actions or status of someone above you, such as a manager, client, teacher, or customer. Instead of describing what you are doing, sonkeigo elevates the other person by changing the verb or expression used.
It is commonly used in professional and formal settings, especially in business environments where hierarchy and politeness matter. You will hear and use sonkeigo in client meetings, when referring to a superior’s actions, during presentations, and in formal emails or written correspondence.
Using sonkeigo correctly signals awareness of social roles and professionalism. Even simple interactions, like explaining a client’s request or acknowledging a manager’s schedule, often require it. While mistakes are generally forgiven for non native speakers, consistent and appropriate use helps build trust and leaves a strong impression.
When to use: Meetings with clients, speaking to managers, or writing formal correspondence.
1. Go kakunin kudasai – ご確認ください
A respectful way of saying “Please confirm” or “Please check.” Commonly used in emails and meetings when asking clients or superiors to review documents or information.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Email to a client | Shiryō o go-kakunin kudasai. (資料をご確認ください。) | “Please review the materials.” |
| Meeting | Giji naiyō o go-kakunin kudasai. (議事内容をご確認ください。) | “Please review the meeting agenda.” |
2. Go ran kudasai – ご覧ください
Polite way to say “Please look” or “Please take a look.” Used when directing a superior or client to view documents, slides, or products.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Presentation | Suraido o go-ran kudasai. (スライドをご覧ください。) | “Please take a look at the slide.” |
| Showing product | Atarashii katarogu o go-ran kudasai. (新しいカタログをご覧ください。) | “Please take a look at our new catalog.” |
3. Oide ni naru – おいでになる
A respectful sonkeigo expression meaning “to come” or “to go.” It is used when referring to the movements of superiors, clients, or respected individuals. Using o-ide ni naru elevates the subject’s action, showing honor and respect, and is common in formal speech, announcements, and meetings.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Announcing the arrival of a superior this afternoon | Shachō ga gogo o-ide ni narimasu. (社長が午後おいでになります。) | “The president will be coming this afternoon.” |
| Asking about a meeting status: Will the client come tomorrow? | Ashita kochira ni o-ide ni narimasu ka. (明日こちらにおいでになりますか。) | “Will you be coming here tomorrow?” |
Kenjougo – Humble Language
Kenjougo is used to lower yourself, your actions, or those of your group in order to show respect to the other person in the conversation. Instead of elevating the listener, kenjougo works by making your role sound more modest, which helps maintain balance and politeness in formal interactions.
It is most commonly used in business settings, customer service, and formal communication, especially when speaking to clients, superiors, or people outside your company. You will often use kenjougo when explaining what you have done, what your team is doing, or how your company will respond to a request.
Correct use of kenjougo shows humility and social awareness. It helps avoid sounding arrogant or overly direct, which is important in Japanese professional culture. While it takes time to master, even basic use goes a long way in making conversations feel smoother and more respectful.
When to use: Introductions, negotiations, or when presenting your own actions to clients.
1. Haiken shimasu – 拝見します
A humble way to say “I will look/read.” It lowers yourself while raising the status of the other person’s materials.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Receiving documents | Shiryō o haiken shimasu. (資料を拝見します。) | “I will review the materials.” |
| Reviewing report | Repōto o haiken shimashita. (レポートを拝見しました。) | “I have reviewed the report.” |
2. Ukagaimasu – 伺います
Humble way to say “I will visit” or “I will ask.” Often used when arranging meetings or showing respect for another’s schedule.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I’ll visit next week | Raishū ofisu ni ukagaimasu. (来週オフィスに伺います。) | “I will visit your office next week.” |
| I have something I’d like to ask | Itten ukagaitai koto ga arimasu. (一点伺いたいことがあります。) | “I have one question I’d like to ask.” |
3. Itadakimasu – いただきます
A humble expression meaning “I receive” or “I accept.” In business Japanese, it is used in kenjougo when receiving something from a superior, client, or customer, showing gratitude and humility. Outside business, it is also commonly said before meals to show thanks for the food.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Receiving a document | Shiryō o itadakimasu. (資料をいただきます。) | “I will take the materials.” |
| When given a new job or promotion; I gratefully accept this opportunity | Kono youna kikai o itadaki, makoto ni arigatou gozaimasu. (このような機会をいただき、誠にありがとうございます。) | “Thank you very much for this opportunity.” |
Teineigo – Polite Language
Teineigo is the polite and neutral form of Japanese used as the baseline in most professional and public interactions. It relies on standard polite verb endings and expressions that make speech sound respectful without emphasizing hierarchy.
This form is widely used in everyday business conversations, workplace discussions, customer interactions, and situations where you are speaking with someone you do not know well. It is also common in emails, announcements, and routine meetings where a formal but balanced tone is appropriate.
Teineigo is often the first level of polite Japanese that learners become comfortable with, and it serves as the foundation for both sonkeigo and kenjougo. Using it consistently helps conversations feel professional and courteous, even when more complex honorific language is not required.
Role: Everyday workplace communication, phone calls, and internal interactions.
1. Shouchi shimashita – 承知しました
Formal way of saying “understood.” Used to confirm instructions politely in workplace interactions.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| In a meeting | Go-shiji shouchi shimashita. (ご指示承知しました。) | “I understand your instructions.” |
| During a phone call | Go-irai shouchi shimashita. (ご依頼承知しました。) | “I understand your request.” |
2. Shitsurei itashimasu – 失礼いたします
Polite way to excuse yourself when entering or leaving, or to soften interruptions.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Entering office | Shitsurei itashimasu. (失礼いたします。) | “Excuse me.” |
| Ending a call | Soredewa shitsurei itashimasu. (それでは失礼いたします。) | “Well then, I’ll take my leave.” |
3. Osore irimasu ga – 恐れ入りますが
Very polite phrase meaning “Excuse me, but…” Used when making polite interruptions or requests.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| When asking someone’s name | Osore irimasu ga, onamae o oshiete itadakemasu ka. (恐れ入りますが、お名前を教えていただけますか。) | “Excuse me, but could you please tell me your name?” |
| In customer service: Please wait a moment | Osore irimasu ga, shoushou omachi kudasai. (恐れ入りますが、少々お待ちください。) | “I apologize, but please wait a moment.” |
How to Write a Business Japanese Email
Writing emails in Japanese business settings follows a strict structure. Unlike casual messages, these emails must balance clarity, formality, and cultural expectations. A professional email usually has three parts:
- Opening greeting (冒頭の挨拶) – acknowledges the relationship and expresses gratitude.
- Main body (本文) – delivers the request, information, or response in a clear and concise manner.
- Closing remark (結びの挨拶) – ends politely, often with a request for future cooperation.
Common greetings and sign-offs:
- Itsumo osewa ni natte orimasu / いつもお世話になっております (Hello, Thanks for always)
- Totsuzen no gorenraku shitsurei shimasu / 突然のご連絡失礼します (Sorry for the sudden email)
Phrases for requests and confirmations:
- Gokakunin itadake masu deshoka / ご確認いただけますでしょうか (Could you please check?)
- Gokento no hodo yoroshiku onegai itashimasu / ご検討の程よろしくお願い致します (Looking forward for you to check and confirm)
How to Apologize in Business Japanese
Apologizing is a critical part of Japanese business culture and goes beyond simply saying sorry. A proper apology reflects humility, responsibility, and respect for the other person, regardless of who is at fault.
In professional settings, apologies are used not only for mistakes, but also for delays, misunderstandings, inconvenience, or even situations outside your direct control. The language chosen often depends on the seriousness of the situation and the relationship involved, with more formal expressions used for clients, superiors, or external partners.
A well delivered apology can help maintain trust and smooth relationships, sometimes even preventing issues from escalating.
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1. Moushiwake gozaimasen – 申し訳ございません
Very formal apology meaning “I deeply apologize.” Stronger than sumimasen. Used when addressing clients, customers, or superiors. Only used in super formal settings and it can sound weird if you apologize this way among close friends or family.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Apologizing for a mistake | Gomeiwaku o okake shite moushiwake gozaimasen. (ご迷惑をおかけして申し訳ございません。) | “We sincerely apologize for any inconvenience caused.” |
| Delayed response in email | Go-henshin ga osoku nari moushiwake gozaimasen. (ご返信が遅くなり申し訳ございません。) | “I apologize for the delay in my reply.” |
2. Shitsunen shite orimashita – 失念しておりました
A very polite and formal way of saying “I forgot” or “It slipped my mind.” Unlike simply saying wasuremashita, this phrase softens the impact and shows humility. Commonly used in business emails, meetings, or apologies to clients, superiors, or colleagues when acknowledging an oversight. It conveys regret while maintaining professionalism. Usually, the apology comes together with this phrase just like it is mentioned in the examples.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Apologizing in an email | Go-renraku ga osoku nari, shitsunen shite orimashita. (ご連絡について失念しておりました。申し訳ございません。) | “I apologize for forgetting to contact you.” |
| Forgetting to send documents | Shorui soufu no ken ni tsuite shitsunen shite orimashitakoto, makoto ni moushiwake gozaimasen deshita. (書類送付の件を失念しておりましたこと、誠に申し訳ございませんでした。) | “I sincerely apologize for having forgotten to send the documents.” |
Top Business Japanese Phrases You’ll Use Daily
Greetings, confirmations, and polite connector phrases form the backbone of daily business communication in Japan. These expressions are used repeatedly in emails, phone calls, meetings, and casual workplace interactions, often more for tone and relationship building than literal meaning.
Mastering them helps conversations flow smoothly, signals professionalism, and shows cultural awareness, even if your grammar is not perfect. Because many of these phrases are set expressions, learning when and how they are used is just as important as understanding what they translate to.
1. Otsukaresama desu – お疲れ様です
Expression of appreciation for someone’s effort, often used throughout or at the end of the workday. Appropriate for colleagues, subordinates, and sometimes managers. This a key phrase used when you show the other workers that you are leaving the office and going back home. Also, it is often mixed up with the phrase “gokurousama desu” which carries similar definition but make sure to understand properly on who you should use these terms. It is commonly understand as a casual appreciation or more of a boss hyping up their workers which must not be used by the employee towards their employer.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Leaving the office | Otsukaresama desu, saki ni shitsurei shimasu. (お疲れ様です、先に失礼します。) | “Good work today. I’ll be leaving first.” |
| After finishing a meeting | Honjitsu no uchiawase, otsukaresama deshita. (本日の打ち合わせ、お疲れ様でした。) | “Thank you for your hard work at today’s meeting.” |
2. Yoroshiku onegaishimasu – よろしくお願いします
Polite request meaning “I appreciate your support” or “Please take care of this.” Used when asking for cooperation, at the end of requests, or closing communication. Appropriate for colleagues, managers, and clients.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| At the end of an email to a client | Hikitsuzuki yoroshiku onegai itashimasu. (引き続きよろしくお願いいたします。) | “We look forward to your continued support.” |
| After explaining a task to a coworker | Kono ken, yoroshiku onegaishimasu. (この件、よろしくお願いします。) | “I appreciate your assistance with this matter.” |
3. Shoushou omachi kudasai -少々お待ちください
Polite request meaning “Please wait a moment.” Often used in customer service or when asking someone to hold on. Appropriate for clients, superiors, or anyone in formal settings.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| On the phone with a client | Shoushou omachi kudasai, tantousha ni otsunagi shimasu.(少々お待ちください、担当者におつなぎします。) | “Please hold for a moment while I transfer you to the appropriate representative.” |
| At a reception desk | Shoushou omachi kudasai, kakunin itashimasu. (少々お待ちください、確認いたします。 ) | “Please wait a moment while I check.” |
4. Osoreirimasu ga – 恐れ入りますが
Polite phrase meaning “Excuse me, but…” Used when making polite interruptions or requests, especially toward clients or superiors. Especially, being humble is highly evaluated in Japan, so this is a very useful and effective phrase to remember in order to succeed in business there.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Asking for clarification | Osoreirimasu ga, mou ichido go-setsumei itadakemasu ka? (恐れ入りますが、もう一度ご説明いただけますか。) | “I’m sorry, but could you please explain that again?” |
| Requesting documents | Osoreirimasu ga, shiryou o okuri itadakemasu deshou ka? (恐れ入りますが、資料をお送りいただけますでしょうか。) | “I apologize for the inconvenience, but could you please send me the materials?” |
5. Itsumo osewa ni natte orimasu – いつもお世話になっております
Polite greeting often used in business emails or calls, meaning, “Thank you for your continued support.” Typically used toward clients, business partners, or superiors. It is almost a set phrase in business correspondence, regardless of whether direct support was recently given and is more like a cliche instead of saying that with the actual meaning.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Beginning an email | Itsumo osewa ni natte orimasu. ABC-sha no Suzuki desu. (いつもお世話になっております。ABC社の鈴木です。) | “Thank you for your continued support. This is Suzuki from ABC Company.” |
| Phone introduction | Itsumo osewa ni natte orimasu, Tanaka Shouji no Yamamoto desu. (いつもお世話になっております、田中商事の山本です。) | “Thank you for your continued support. This is Yamamoto from Tanaka Trading.” |
6. Shouchi itashimashita – 承知いたしました
A very polite way to say “Understood” or “I acknowledge.” It is humble language (kenjougo) and commonly used in business settings when receiving instructions, requests, or confirmation from clients, superiors, or business partners. It shows respect and professionalism, especially in formal conversations and emails. This phrase certainly is used in verbal communication, but it is more likely to be used in phone calls or email. “Shouchi shimashita”, which is the exact same meaning but just slightly less polite, is more commonly used in daily business conversations.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Accepting a client’s request | Go-irai no ken, shouchi itashimashita. (ご依頼の件、承知いたしました。) | “I understand your request.” |
| Confirming instructions from a superior | Honjitsu no yotei, shouchi itashimashita. (本日の予定、承知いたしました。) | “I understand today’s schedule.” |
7. Itashikanemasu – 致しかねます
A very polite and formal way of saying “I am unable to do (something).” It is humble language (kenjougo) used when politely declining a request in business contexts. Commonly used in emails, letters, or formal conversations with clients, customers, or superiors. It softens refusal by showing respect and avoiding direct rejection.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Declining a client’s request | Taihen kyoushuku desu ga, sono ken ni tsukimashite wa taiou itashikanemasu. (大変恐縮ですが、その件につきましては対応致しかねます。) | “We sincerely apologize, but we are unable to accommodate your request in this matter.” |
| Explaining company policy | Kojin jouhou no kaiji wa itashikanemasu node go-ryoushou kudasai. (個人情報の開示は致しかねますのでご了承ください。) | “Please understand that we are unable to disclose personal information.” |
8. Ikaga desu ka? – いかがですか？
A polite way of asking “How is it?” or “Would you like…?” Often used when offering something, confirming understanding, or asking for an opinion. It is more formal than dou desu ka? and is suitable for conversations with clients, customers, or superiors in business settings. If you want to be more formal, you can go with “ikaga deshou ka?” which is the same meaning but with more politeness.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Offering a product/service | Atarashii puran ni go-kyoumi wa ikaga desu ka. (新しいプランにご興味はいかがですか。) | “Are you interested in our new plan?” |
| Asking about someone’s condition | O-karada no guai wa ikaga desu ka. (お体の具合はいかがですか。) | “How are you feeling?” |
These set expressions appear in emails, phone calls, and meetings, and mastering them ensures smoother communication in the workplace.
Business Japanese for Meetings and Negotiations
Meetings require clear and respectful phrasing. Below are key expressions used to present ideas, agree or disagree politely, and manage transitions during discussions.
1. Go-teian ga gozaimasu – ご提案がございます
A polite way to say “I have a proposal.” This phrase is commonly used when introducing new ideas or suggestions in meetings. It frames your input as respectful and formal, suitable for both internal and client-facing discussions.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Proposing in meeting | Watashi kara go-teian ga gozaimasu. (私からご提案がございます。) | “I have a proposal to make.” |
| Introducing a suggestion | Atarashii houshin ni tsuite go-teian ga gozaimasu. (新しい方針についてご提案がございます。) | “I have a proposal regarding the new policy.” |
2. Sono toori de gozaimasu – その通りでございます
A very polite way to express agreement, meaning “That is correct.” It acknowledges another person’s statement respectfully and is useful in formal meetings, especially when responding to superiors or clients.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Confirming | Ossharu toori de gozaimasu. (おっしゃる通りでございます。) | “You are absolutely correct.” |
| Agreeing in meeting | Go-setsumei no toori de gozaimasu. (ご説明の通りでございます。) | “As explained.” |
3. さて、次に移ります (Sate, tsugi ni utsurimasu)
A transition phrase meaning “Well then, let’s move to the next point.” It is often used by the meeting chair or presenter to smoothly guide the flow of discussion.
| Situation | Example sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Moving topics | Sate, tsugi no gidai ni utsurimasu. (さて、次の議題に移ります。) | “Now, let’s move on to the next agenda item.” |
| In presentation | Soredewa, tsugi ni utsurasete itadakimasu. (それでは、次に移らせていただきます。) | “Now, let me move on to the next item.” |
Business Etiquette and Non-Verbal Communication
Language is only half of business interaction in Japan.
Business cards (meishi koukan):
The exchange of business cards. Always use both hands, present the card facing the other person, and bow slightly. It is almost a custom to exchange business cards in Japan which is not only for introducing each other but showing respect and sense of honor to be able to work with that person.
Bowing etiquette: The angle and duration of the bow show respect; deeper bows indicate stronger humility. It is not always applied in daily lives but locals are often taught that 15° as casual greeting, 30° as formal greeting towards customers, and 45° as an extremely formal bow for apologies or greeting your client. Some people, especially in a very formal situations like ritual, take speaking while bowing disrespectful as well.
Gestures to avoid:
Pointing, excessive hand movements, or casual posture during meetings can seem disrespectful. Usually, workers are expected to stay up straight whenever they are at work and crossing arms or legs in front of boss or clients are also considered rude.
Extra Useful Terms to Cover
Aisatsu (挨拶):
Aisatsu refers to ritualized greetings and polite expressions that are essential in Japanese society. In business, they set the tone for respect and cooperation. Common examples include Osewa ni natte orimasu (“Thank you for your continued support”) at the beginning of an email, or Otsukaresama desu (“Thank you for your hard work”) used daily in offices. Mastery of aisatsu shows cultural fluency and builds rapport with colleagues and clients.
Meishi koukan (名刺交換):
Meishi koukan means “business card exchange,” a highly ritualized act in Japanese business culture. Cards are exchanged with both hands, accompanied by a slight bow, and treated with respect (never placed casually in a pocket). This practice reflects professionalism and hierarchy, as the business card symbolizes the individual’s role and company. How you handle meishi can strongly influence first impressions.
Hō-ren-sō (報連相):
Hō-ren-sō is an acronym for Houkoku (報告: Report), Renraku (連絡: Inform), and Soudan (相談: Consult). It represents a cornerstone of Japanese workplace communication. Employees are expected to report progress, share information promptly, and consult with superiors before making major decisions. Practicing hō-ren-sō prevents misunderstandings and ensures smooth teamwork.
Tatemae vs Honne (建前 vs 本音):
Tatemae refers to the socially appropriate or “public face” one presents in formal interactions, while Honne represents one’s true feelings or opinions. In Japanese business culture, tatemae helps maintain harmony and avoid conflict, while honne is often shared only with trusted colleagues. Understanding this duality is crucial for foreigners, what is said openly may reflect politeness rather than true agreement.
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Key Takeaway on Business Japanese
Mastering business Japanese requires more than memorizing phrases, it is about adopting a communication style that reflects respect, professionalism, and cultural sensitivity. By learning keigo, structuring emails correctly, apologizing appropriately, and respecting business etiquette, foreign professionals can gain both trust and effectiveness in the Japanese workplace.
